cherography

The total area of the United Kingdom is approximately 243,610 square kilometres (94,060 sq mi). It consists of the island of Great Britain, the northeastern one-sixth of the island of Ireland, and smaller surrounding islands. It lies between the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea, coming within 35 kilometres (22 mi) of the coast of northern France, from which it is separated by the English Channel.[5] As of 1993 10% of the UK was forested, 46% used for pastures, and 25% used for agriculture.[50] The Royal Greenwich Observatory, in London, is the defining point of the Prime Meridian.
Great Britain lies between latitudes 49° and 59° N (the Shetland Islands reach to nearly 61° N), and longitudes 8° W to 2° E.[citation needed] Northern Ireland shares a 360-kilometre (224 mi) land boundary with the Republic of Ireland.[5] The coastline of Great Britain is 17,820 kilometres (11,073 mi) long.[51] It is connected to continental Europe by the Channel Tunnel, which at 50 kilometres (31 mi) (38 kilometres (24 mi) underwater) is the longest underwater tunnel in the world.[52]
England accounts for just over half of the total area of the UK, covering 130,395 square kilometres (50,350 sq mi).[53] Most of the country consists of lowland terrain,[50] with mountainous terrain north-west of the Tees-Exe line including the Cumbrian Mountains of the Lake District, the Pennines and limestone hills of the Peak District, Exmoor and Dartmoor. The main rivers and estuaries are the Thames, Severn and the Humber. England's highest mountain is Scafell Pike (978 metres (3,209 ft)), which is in the Lake District. Its principal rivers are the Severn, Thames, Humber, Tees, Tyne, Tweed, Avon, Exe and Mersey.[50]
Wales accounts for less than a tenth of the total area of the UK, covering 20,779 square kilometres (8,020 sq mi).[54] Wales is mostly mountainous, though South Wales is less mountainous than North and mid Wales. The main population and industrial areas are in South Wales, consisting of the coastal cities of Cardiff, Swansea and Newport and the South Wales Valleys to their north. The highest mountains in Wales are in Snowdonia, and include Snowdon (Welsh: Yr Wyddfa), which, at 1,085 metres (3,560 ft) is the highest peak in Wales.[50] The 14 (or possibly 15) Welsh mountains over 3,000 feet (914 m) high are known collectively as the Welsh 3000s. Wales has over 1,200 km (750 miles) of coastline. There are several islands off the Welsh mainland, the largest of which is Anglesey (Ynys Môn) in the northwest.


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